Titanium Dioxide Properties

Properties are what differentiate TiO2 from other materials effectively. Find information on the physical, chemical, optical, mechanical, antimicrobial and nano-material properties of Titanium Dioxide in this article. Keep reading!

Optical Properties of Titanium Dioxide

1. Reflection

The Titanium dioxide does reflect light. It not only images but scatters the light, thus preventing any form of light from passing through. TiO2 scatter and reflect both visible as well as UV light. The light it reflects has radiation in the range of 290 up to 700nm.

2. Transmittance

Titanium dioxide transmit light but under special circumstances. For instance, a single layer of TiO2 over glass can show a transmittance of over 95%. This is true when the wavelength is around 300 up to 1000 nm.

3. Absorption

The titanium dioxide features a band gap of around 3.1 eV. This prevents the TiO2 from absorbing the light, especially in the visible region. The wavelength range is about 400 up to 700 nm.

4. Refraction Index

The index of refraction for Titanium dioxide is far higher than other materials. Its refractive index is more than one. This contributes to the higher opacity of the Titanium dioxide.

A Graph Showing Optical Properties for Titanium Dioxide

Chemical Properties of Titanium Dioxide

The key chemical properties of TiO2 include:

1. Melting Point

The point at which the titanium dioxide melts is very high. It would help if you had a temperature of 1843⁰C to dissolve the Titanium dioxide completely. This represents the stability of the Titanium dioxide.

2. Boiling Point

The boiling point of the titanium dioxide is also very higher. It would help if you catered 2972⁰C temperature to boil the TiO2 completely. Generally, such a level of temperature is impossible to achieve naturally. This ensures higher temperature stability.

3. Molecular Weight

The molecular weight plays an essential role in determining or influencing the overall properties of TiO2. In general, the molecular weight of the TiO2 is 79.86 g/mol.

4. Relative Density

Relative density is what represents the substance concentration within a particular solution. With relative density, you can determine the purity level for specific materials. TiO2 relative density is 3.97 Mg/m³_.

5. pH

The term pH specifies the acidity or alkalinity of the solution. When you put the TiO2 solution, it exhibits a slightly alkaline nature. This is mainly because its pH is around 8.0.

Chemical Properties for Tio2

Electrical Properties of Titanium Dioxide

Electrical characteristics that need your attention or concentration are here for your reference:

1. Electrical Conductivity

TiO2 is a semiconductor material. It is not a good conductor or an insulator. The conductivity ranges from 10^-9 to 10^-11 Scm^-1 at around 27⁰C.

2. Resistivity

The resistivity of the TiO2 changes, especially with the temperature change. When you raise the temperature around 1900⁰C the resistivity lies within 5 × 10⁷ Ωm up to 7.6 × 10⁵ Ωm. Further, if you increase the temperature, the resistivity decreases.

3. Dielectric Strength

The dielectric strength refers to the ability of the material to resist the dielectric breakdown under maximum voltage. TiO2 dielectric strength is around 4kV/mm.

4. Dielectric Constant

The dielectric constant refers to the characteristics of the material to save electrical energy within the magnetic field. TiO2 features a dielectric constant of 85. Such a high dielectric constant makes TiO2 exhibit or shows off

Nano-particle Properties of Titanium Dioxide

Since TiO2 is a nanoparticle nature, it has some distinct properties. These properties determine whether you can use TiO2 Nano particles for any applications or not.

Let’s have a quick over view of

High Chemical Stability

The TiO2 is chemically stable. No material can affect its appearance or end properties. This property opens up freedom for TiO2 for utilization in multiple material and end applications.

Tio2 Nano Particle Parameters

Mechanical Properties of Titanium Dioxide

TiO2 has unique mechanical properties, making it a perfect choice for many applications. These properties range from tensile strength, compressive strength and poisons ratio, just to mention a few.

Let’s explore these properties in details:

1. Modulus of Rupture

You can refer to the modulus of rupture as the ability of the material to bear bending stress without yielding. With a modulus of rupture, you can take an idea of the strength of the material. The modulus of rupture of TiO2 is 140 Mpa.

2. Compressive Strength

Compressive strength is the material resistance to size reduction when it experiences a force. Titanium dioxide has a compressive strength of 680 MPa.

3. Fracture Toughness

When a material experiences stress, it resists flaws formation like cracks. Long cracks ultimately require very low pressure to cause breakage. The fracture toughness of TiO2 is 3.2 MPa.m^-1/2.

4. Poisson’s Ratio

This ratio refers to the balance between traversing contraction strain and traversing extension strain in the stretching force direction. This ratio for TiO2 is 0.27. The percentage of 0.27 represents that material is susceptible to deformation.

5. Shear Modulus

You can refer to shear modulus as a ratio between the shear stress and the shear strain. The resultant value will clear the image for material resistance towards shearing deformation. Its value lies around 60 GPa.

6. Modulus of Elasticity

The term modulus of elasticity refers to the ability of a material to regain its original shape after stress application. 230 GPa is the overall modulus of elasticity for the TiO2. This exhibit that you can utilize it in applications demanding higher durability.

7. Micro-hardness

Microhardness refers to the hardness of the material which can withstand lower or slighter loads. They do not result in the deformation of the overall object.

Antimicrobial Properties of Titanium Dioxide

1. Anti-bacterial

It does not allow the bacteria to grow over this material. Rather TiO2 inhibits or resists the formation of bacteria. This property makes it suitable for biomedical applications.

2. Zero Toxicity

TiO2 has zero level of toxicity. It does not react easily with other substances and leads to impair TiO2.

Antimicrobial Activity on Tio2 Dioxide

Physical Properties of Titanium Dioxide

1. Brightness

The TiO2 feature a higher brightness level, and the intelligence is 95.5. Its colour is white and features lightweight in comparison to other materials.

2. Density

Density represents the compactness of a specific substance. You can define density as the quantity of a particular material per unit volume, length or area. The TiO2 density is 4 g/cm³.

3. Porosity

The term porosity refers to the number of holes or spaces within the TiO2 structure. This is very good about the TiO2 as no single pore exists within the TiO2. It contributes to a remarkable level of porosity.

4. Odour

The TiO2 has no odour. You will not get any irritation when you use this chemical in certain applications.

5. Solubility

Titanium dioxide refers to the white powder that is chemically inert. It features higher insolubility in inorganic/organic acids and water. The TiO2 offers higher solubility in strong hydrofluoric acids and sulfuric acids.

Conclusion

Clearly, there are many reasons why TiO2 is popular in many applications. This is due to the unique titanium dioxide properties as you have seen above.

At Inter-China Chemical we offer high grade TiO2 for all your applications.

More Resources:

• Rutile – Source: Wikipedia
• Chloride Process for TiO2 – Source: Wikipedia
• TiO2 Sulfate Process – Source: BARBEN
• What is Titanium Dioxide – Source: TDMA